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The Grand old Duke of York he had ten thousand men
He marched them up to the top of the hill
And he marched them down again.
When they were up, they were up
And when they were down, they were down
And when they were only halfway up
They were neither up nor down.
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The words of the Nursery rhyme are believed to refer to Richard,
Duke of York, claimant to the English throne and Protector of
England and the Battle of Wakefield on December 30, 1460.
The Duke of York and his army marched to his castle at Sandal
where Richard took up a defensive position against the Lancastrian
army. |
